science of jurnalis

Menurut Kris Budiman, jurnalistik (journalistiek, Belanda) bisa dibatasi secara singkat sebagai kegiatan penyiapan, penulisan, penyuntingan, dan penyampaian berita kepada khalayak melalui saluran media tertentu.Jurnalistik mencakup kegiatan dari peliputan sampai kepada penyebarannya kepada masyarakat.Jurnalistik atau jurnalisme, menurut Luwi Ishwara (2005), mempunyai ciri-ciri yang penting yaitu seperti berikut ini:

a. Skeptis

Skeptis adalah sikap untuk selalu mempertanyakan segala sesuatu, meragukan apa yang diterima, dan mewaspadai segala kepastian agar tidak mudah tertipu. Inti dari skeptis adalah keraguan. Media janganlah puas dengan permukaan sebuah peristiwa serta enggan untuk mengingatkan kekurangan yang ada di dalam masyarakat. Wartawan haruslah terjun ke lapangan, berjuang, serta menggali hal-hal yang eksklusif.

b. Bertindak (action)

Wartawan tidak menunggu sampai peristiwa itu muncul, tetapi ia akan mencari dan mengamati dengan ketajaman naluri seorang wartawan.

c. Berubah

Perubahan merupakan hukum utama jurnalisme. Media bukan lagi sebagai penyalur informasi, tapi fasilitator, penyaring dan pemberi makna dari sebuah informasi.

d. Seni dan Profesi

Wartawan melihat dengan mata yang segar pada setiap peristiwa untuk menangkap aspek-aspek yang unik.

e. Peran Pers

Pers sebagai pelapor, bertindak sebagai mata dan telinga publik, melaporkan peristiwa-peristiwa di luar pengetahuan masyarakat dengan netral dan tanpa prasangka. Selain itu, pers juga harus berperan sebagai interpreter, wakil publik, peran jaga, dan pembuat kebijaksanaan serta advokasi.

saat kita membahas tentang jurnalis pasti kita akan tertuju pada satu kata yaitu "berita or " News".

News sendiri bisa kita artika " north" , west ,“south”,"east".di sini bisa kita simpulkan bahwa para pencari berita dalam mencari informasi bisa meliputi ke 4 arah tersebut. Sementara menurut jenisnya dibedakan menjadi “straight news” yang berisi laporan peristiwa politik, ekonomi, masalah sosial, dan kriminalitas, sering disebut sebagai berita keras (hard news). sedangkan untuk “straight news” di bidang olah raga ataupun masalah ekonomi atau kriminalitas bis dikategorikan sebagi soft news atau berita lunak.ada juga jenis berita feature atu disebut berita kisah , berita jenis ini lebih bersifat naratif tak terikat dengan aspe-aspek insani( human).


Nilai berita

berita yang disajikan harus mempunyai nilai-nilai seperti :
1. Objektif: berdasarkan fakta, tidak memihak.
2. Aktual: terbaru, belum “basi”.
3. Luar biasa: besar, aneh, janggal, tidak umum.
4. Penting: pengaruh atau dampaknya bagi orang banyak; menyangkut orang penting/terkenal.
5. Jarak: familiaritas, kedekatan (geografis, kultural, psikologis).
Masri Sareb Putra dalam bukunya “Teknik Menulis Berita dan Feature”, malah memberikan dua belas nilai berita dalam menulis berita (2006: 33). Dua belas hal tersebut di antaranya adalah:

1. sesuatu yang unik,
2. sesuatu yang luar biasa,
3. sesuatu yang langka,
4. sesuatu yang dialami/dilakukan/menimpa orang (tokoh) penting,
5. menyangkut keinginan publik,
6. yang tersembunyi,
7. sesuatu yang sulit untuk dimasuki,
8. sesuatu yang belum banyak/umum diketahui,
9. pemikiran dari tokoh penting,
10. komentar/ucapan dari tokoh penting,
11. kelakuan/kehidupan tokoh penting, dan
12. hal lain yang luar biasa.

Anatomi Berita dan Unsur-Unsur
Bagian -bagian berita :

1. Judul atau kepala berita (headline).
2. Baris tanggal (dateline).
3. Teras berita (lead atau intro).
4. Tubuh berita (body).

Dalam sebuah pencarian berita untuk informasi harus mencakup 5W+1H

1. Who – siapa yang terlibat di dalamnya?
2. What – apa yang terjadi di dalam suatu peristiwa?
3. Where – di mana terjadinya peristiwa itu?
4. Why – mengapa peristiwa itu terjadi?
5. When – kapan terjadinya?
6. How – bagaimana terjadinya?
Tidak hanya sebatas berita, bentuk jurnalistik lain, khususnya dalam media cetak, adalah berupa opini. Bentuk opini ini dapat berupa tajuk rencana (editorial), artikel opini atau kolom (column), pojok dan surat pembaca.

Sumber Berita

Hal penting lain yang dibutuhkan dalam sebuah proses jurnalistik adalah pada sumber berita. Ada beberapa petunjuk yang dapat membantu pengumpulan informasi, sebagaimana diungkapkan oleh Eugene J. Webb dan Jerry R. Salancik (Luwi Iswara 2005: 67) berikut ini.

1. Observasi langsung dan tidak langsung dari situasi berita.
2. Proses wawancara.
3. Pencarian atau penelitian bahan-bahan melalui dokumen publik.
4. Partisipasi dalam peristiwa.

Kiranya tulisan singkat tentang dasar-dasar jurnalistik di atas akan lebih membantu kita saat mengerjakan proses kreatif kita dalam penulisan jurnalistik.


Taken from bloG Na LaLA
dasar dasar dari jurnalistik

Hidup

Mungkin aku adalah pecundang yang lari dari masalah yang kini aku hadapi tapi bukan itu yang ku inginkan selama ini , semua mimpiku baru saja aku mulai dengan suatu kesalahan yang tak aku sengaja karena bujukan syetan yang ada dalm tubuhku ini. aku mungkin telah mengecewakan keluargaku terutama ibuku tercinta

हितम PutihQ

Warna-warna itu hilang
Kembali menjadi hitam putih
Senyum ini tak beralasan
Tawa ini tertahan di ujung lidahku
Perjalanan ini berangsur-angsur melambat
Dan aku disini termenung
Waktu menjadi sahabatku
Detik menjembatani aku dan hidupku
Hati ini telah mendarat di tanah merah
Pikiran ini melayang-layang tak tentu arah
Oh,Tuhan...sadarkan aku dari ketidakberdayaanku
Kembalikan aku ke dunia indahMu
Beri aku secercah cahayaMu untuk menuntunku
Dan berikan warna-warna baru untukku
Sungguh ku tak mau seperti ini..
Terinjak-injak lemah tak berdaya
Mengais-ngais harapan yang hanya ada di anganku
Beri aku kekuatan!
Agar aku mampu melewati segala rintangan ini
Karna aku tidaklah selemah ini..
Dan hitam putih ini bisa menjadi sangat berharga bagiku

HELL0

Playground school bell rings again
Rain clouds come to play again
Has no one told you she's not breathing?
Hello I'm your mind giving you someone to talk to
Hello

If I smile and don't believe
Soon I know I'll wake from this dream
Don't try to fix me I'm not broken
Hello I'm the lie living for you so you can hide
Don't cry

Suddenly I know I'm not sleeping
Hello I'm still here
All that's left of yesterday

W0Men

They smile when they want to scream.

They sing when they want to cry.

They cry when they are happy and laugh when they are nervous

They fight for what they believe in.

They stand up for injustice.

They don't take "no" for an answer when they believe there is a better solution.

They go without new shoes so their children can have them.

They go to the doctor with a frightened friend.

They love unconditionally.

They cry when their children excel and cheer when their friends get awards.

They are happy when they hear about a birth or a new marriage.

Their hearts break when a friend dies.

They have sorrow at the loss of a family member, yet they are strong when they think there is no strength left.

They know that a hug and a kiss can heal a broken heart.

Women come in all sizes, in all colors and shapes.

They'll drive, fly, walk, run or e-mail you to show how much they care about you.

The heart of a woman is what makes the world spin!

Women do more than just give birth.

They bring joy and hope.

They give compassion and ideals.

They give moral support to their family and friends.

Women have a lot to say and a lot to give.

LOVE

Ever been in love before? Then you will need some teen love advice. This teen love article will help you with your love life and you will experience dramatic changes in falling in love! If you have someone whom you find yourself being able to do absolutely anything for, this teen love article will help you. Don't worry, you are not alone.

Love is an Action
One thing to keep in mind though. LOVE IS AN ACTION. yes that's true. The "thing" that you feel in your heart, or the "feeling that starts at the bottom of your stomach" that is just mere attraction. It has nothing to do with love. Love only starts when you begin to DO things for a person. This does not include words. It starts when you are deciding whether to wake up 5 in the morning to make barley and delivering it to his or her house when he or she is sick OR when you sacrifice going for a party or a movie just to watch him or her study for his or her test. It is all about sacrifices.

Love is a Promise

Another thing that people in love tend to forget. Being together does not mean that one must not be attracted to the other for his or her whole life. You will meet many people, some of whom you will have an immense attraction for. Who knows, things might work out between the two of you. But when you are together with someone else, you made a promise. And that is what differentiates two people having feelings for each other and actually loving the other.

Love means Sacrificing Sometimes

The third thing to keep in mind is that the truth is you are attracted to a HUMAN BEING. There are bound to be differences between the two of you. That includes different ways of handling problems. You need to keep this in mind when working out problems. It is always almost impossible for one end to come to a complete sacrifice. The two parties in the relationship must come together to a compromise. This involves each party to sacrifice a little but isn't this what love is all about?

" There are 3 great things in this world. The first thing is for you to love someone. The second thing is for someone to love you back and the third greatest thing is for the first and second thing to happen at the same time ... "

" It's hard to live alone, its hard to choose someone to love, but the hardest part of falling is to admit that you have fallen in love with someone you didn't mean to love from the start... "

" You'r heart is one of your most prized possessions, be careful who you give it to. "

"Love starts with a smile, Grows with a kiss, and ends with a tear. "

" Love can touch just one time, but it can last for a life time. "

" Don't frown, because you never know when someone is falling in love with your smile. "

" Love wasn't put in your heart to stay, because Love isn't Love until you give it away. "

" Guys are like stars, there are millions out there, but only one can make your dreams come true. "

" Love is like a roller coaster. Once you have completed the ride, you want to go again. "

" It is far better to have loved and lost, than to have never loved at all "

"We all want to fall in love. Why? Because that experience makes us feel completely alive. Where every sense is heightened, every emotion is magnified, our everyday reality is shattered and we are flying into the heavens. It may only last a moment, an hour, an afternoon. But that doesn't diminish its value. Because we are left with memories that we treasure for the rest of our lives."

" I was lonely and scared I asked god for an angel and he sent me something even better he sent me you. "

" Some people think they have to say they are in love so they believe themselves, others don't need to say it because they are. "

" Love can be trying and hard to accomplish but when you have love always hold it close to your heart because you never know when you have to let it go. "

" The way to know true and selfless love is rather than trying to change the one you love to fit your way, change instead your way to fit the one you love. "